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Understanding Missouri's Permitless Concealed Carry Law

Missouri allows concealed carry without a permit for eligible adults (19+). Explore the details of the state's constitutional carry law (SB 656), its impact on Second Amendment rights, and the ongoing debate.

Missouri's Constitutional Carry: An Overview

JEFFERSON CITY, MO – Since January 1, 2017, Missouri law has allowed most law-abiding citizens to carry concealed firearms without requiring a government-issued permit. This policy, often referred to as 'constitutional carry' or 'permitless carry', was enacted through Senate Bill 656, marking a significant affirmation of Second Amendment rights within the state.

Key Provisions of Missouri's Permitless Carry Law (SB 656)

Key Provisions of Missouri's Permitless Carry Law (SB 656)

Senate Bill 656 removed the mandate for Missouri residents to obtain a permit to carry a concealed firearm in locations where open carry is also permitted. Eligible individuals aged 19 or older, who are legally allowed to possess a firearm under state and federal law, can carry concealed without the specific training or background check previously required for a concealed carry permit. However, the state's permitting system still exists; citizens can obtain a permit, which is necessary for carrying in states that recognize Missouri permits through reciprocity agreements. Importantly, SB 656 did not alter the list of individuals prohibited from possessing firearms (e.g., felons) or the locations where firearms are restricted (e.g., schools, courthouses).

Permitless carry applies to individuals 19 years of age or older legally eligible to possess a firearm. Federal law generally requires individuals to be 21 to purchase a handgun from a licensed dealer.

Arguments for Constitutional Carry: Rights and Self-Defense

Proponents championed SB 656 as a restoration of constitutional rights, arguing that the Second Amendment inherently includes the right to carry a firearm for self-defense without needing government permission. They asserted that requiring permits created unnecessary hurdles and expenses, potentially disarming law-abiding citizens, especially those with limited financial means or living in rural areas.

Supporters emphasize that permitless carry empowers individuals to protect themselves and their families immediately, without bureaucratic delays. The focus, they argue, should be on punishing criminals who misuse firearms, not on restricting the rights of responsible gun owners.

Concerns Raised: Public Safety and Training

Conversely, opponents voiced significant concerns about the potential impact on public safety. Critics argued that eliminating the permit requirement, which included a background check specific to the permit process and mandatory firearms safety training, could increase risks. They contended that the previous system provided essential vetting and ensured a baseline level of competency in firearm handling.

Concerns persist that removing mandatory training requirements could contribute to unintentional discharges or unsafe firearm practices.

Impact and Ongoing Discussion

Missouri joined a growing number of states adopting permitless carry laws. Since its implementation in 2017, the effects of SB 656 on crime rates and public safety remain a subject of analysis and debate among researchers, policymakers, and the public. Data interpretation often differs depending on the source and methodology, making definitive conclusions challenging. The law represents a significant element of Missouri's firearms regulatory landscape.

Resources for Further Information

  • Review SB 656 and related statutes on the Missouri General Assembly website.
  • Consult the National Rifle Association (NRA) Institute for Legislative Action for analysis of gun laws.
  • Visit the Missouri State Highway Patrol website for guidance on firearms laws and permit information.